How Does a Foreclosure Auction Work?

A foreclosure auction is designed to sell foreclosedthat amount will get the property. If the final bid is, for
properties at whatever price someone is willing to pay.example, $250,000 the additional $50,000 is called
The final sale price could be considered "bargain"overage" and will be returned to the homeowner
basement" pricing in most cases, because theunder most circumstances.
properties have to be purchased with cash in mostProfessional buyers who frequent the auctions daily
states, so the buyer pool is limited. The actual auctionshave developed advanced techniques to beat out
are regulated by state law, but the individual countyother bidders and to use "mortgage credits" as real
where the property is located actually dictates themoney. Their most advanced technique for stopping
specifics of how the actual auction works.competitive bidders is to only bid in the incremental
As a rule-of-thumb, the property is offered to theamounts of say $100. This gets the competition very
highest bidder by a clerk of the court, a sheriff, or ahassled and they will often start jumping the
trustee. The auction is by "open outcry" so thatincremental bids in large amounts ($5,000 - $10,000) to
everyone knows what bids are being made. Usuallyget the "pro" to stop bidding. The pro just keeps
there is a minimal incremental bid which can be $100 tocoming back with an out cry of "plus $100". Eventually,
$1,000 or more. It is interesting to watch a novice getthe newbie will quit bidding and the pro will take the
excited and bid in increments of $5,000 or evenproperty for $100 over the last bid. If the newbie bids
$10,000 in his excitement to get a particular property.well past what the pro wanted to pay, the pro keeps
The pros who frequent the auctions targetbidding and making the newbie go higher and higher,
unsuspecting "newbies" because they know theuntil the newbie quits because he comes to his senses
newbies have no rational bidding methods and theor doesn't have enough money. But it is not over yet
pros use their experience to bid up the properties thebecause the pro now reneges on his last bid and the
newbies are trying to buy.newbie gets the property at a grossly inflated price!
The auction or sale starts with the auctioneer askingAnother advanced tactic the pros use is to buy the
for an opening bid. Someone will respond and in mostworthless second mortgages for a few cents on the
cases it will be the bank that starts the foreclosuredollar. These liens are transferred to the pros at full
proceeding. The bank will usually start the bid for theface value so the pro will pay perhaps $500 for a
final judgment amount which is the outstanding loan$25,000 lien. Now the pro has a "bid credit" of $25,000.
balance, plus the foreclosure processing costs. Let'sWhen the bidding starts the pro starts bidding to pull in
use an example of XYZ Bank who has a finalnewbies from the crowd and can continue bidding for
judgment amount of $200,000 including all costs and$25,000 without it costing him any money other than
expenses. Usually XYZ Bank would start with a bid ofthe $500 he paid for the second mortgage (lien). Here
$100, because the starting price is most often the finalis where it really gets going - the pro keeps
judgment plus $100 as the first bid. Lower bids couldaggressively bidding until the competitor, usually a
start the sale but generally XYZ Bank will always bidnewbie, quits (i.e. $20,000) and the pro reneges on his
the amount owed plus $100 to cover the minimum bid.last bid. The newbie now owns the property at
In recent months, many banks have started the bid at$20,000 over the first mortgage amount due and the
less than the amount owed them. This is a fairly newpro has turned $500 into $20,000 with his only risk
strategy that is designed to overcome the issue ofbeing his original $500.
doing short sales with investors and all the hassles thatThe pro uses "shill" bidders so if he has to renege he
go with them. For example, if the bank is willing todoesn't get barred from the future sales. There are
discount the loan to 80% of a recent Broker's Pricemany other tricks of the trade that the pros use, so if
Opinion (BPO), on a $200,000 balance due, they wouldyou decide to buy a property at the foreclosure
start the bidding at $160,000. If there were no otherauction you better beware of the hazards. Also find
bids, the bank would own the property anywayout ahead of time what additional costs the county
because they have a "credit" to bid up to $200,000charges such as auctions fees, title transfer, document
because of the final judgment amount. If anyone bidsstamps, etc. so you aren't surprised at how much
or the bidding gets heated, the bank will only get theirmoney you need for the final purchase amount. Good
$200,000 reimbursed and the highest bidder aboveluck and good bidding!